Other UNIX Tricks

ls -F  
lists files in directory indicating by slash which are sub dirs

ls -s  sorts files
ls -l | sort -f  alphabetical sort
ls -s | sort -n numerical sort

file {list of filenames} 
command gives info about the filenames in the list

head -4 .login
looks at the first four lines of a file
  
tail -12 .login
looks at the last four lines of a file

or 
who | head -5

or
head -3 /etc/passwd

or 
cat filename | tail -5

more ~/.cshrc

pg command(s)

[return]
N skips N screensful
N l moves down N lines
cntrl-D half page
h help commands
q quit
/patterns search forward
?pattern search backward
/next occurance
v starts vi at current line
. redraw screen
$ redisplay previous screen

spell word list rtn
rplies with correct spelling

grep command
grep -c list matches
-i ignore case
-l match
-n line numbers
grep pattern file to be searched
who | grep hazards



awk command

awk -F: Ô{print $7}Õ /etc/passwd |sort |uniq -c

awk extracts 7th field of passwd file,hand to sort then lets uniq and -c to count

cat  filename | awk Ô{print $1}Õ | tee locate

Explanation: ÒcatÓ scrolls through the file named  ÒfilenameÓ and transfers the first field of 
each line to a file called ÒlocateÓ which is created by the ÒteeÓ command 

fgrep -nf locate tfsites.dat | reference 

If you remove any Ò!Ó from the first of the locate file, the above line will  fgrep search 
through the file Òtfsites.datÓ for a set of strings found in ÒlocateÓ. It will print the finds 
along with the line number in tfsites.dat where the string is found. The  tee command then 
creates the file reference which will receive the results of the search.

sed stream editor